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1.
Arq. neuropsiquiatr ; 77(10): 746-748, Oct. 2019. graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1038727

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT The illustrious Colombian Professor Salomón Hakim provided the annals of neurology with one of the most brilliant and original bodies of research on record, developing the concept of normal pressure hydrocephalus, as well as proving that ventricular shunting is an effective treatment. Thus, Professor Hakim proved that some of the dementias, at that time considered senile, could be successfully treated. Here the authors present an historical review of his main contributions, which continue to influence the study of dementia to this day.


RESUMO O ilustre professor colombiano Salomón Hakim deixou como legado nos anais da neurologia uma das mais brilhantes e originais séries de pesquisa da história, desenvolvendo o conceito de hidrocefalia de pressão normal, bem como introduzindo a derivação ventricular como tratamento efetivo. Assim, Hakim provou que algumas das demências até então consideradas senis tinham possibilidade de tratamento bem-sucedido. Aqui os autores apresentarão uma revisão histórica de suas maiores contribuições, que continuam a influenciar o estudo de demências até os nossos dias.


Subject(s)
History, 20th Century , History, 21st Century , Hydrocephalus, Normal Pressure/history , Neurology/history , Ventriculoperitoneal Shunt/history , Colombia
2.
Arq. neuropsiquiatr ; 76(5): 324-331, May 2018. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-950547

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT Normal pressure hydrocephalus (NPH), described by Hakim and Adams in 1965, is characterized by gait apraxia, urinary incontinence, and dementia. It is associated with normal cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) pressure and ventricular dilation that cannot be attributed to cerebral atrophy. Objectives: To evaluate gait characteristics in patients with idiopathic NPH and investigate the effect of the CSF tap test (CSF-TT) on gait. Methods: Twenty-five patients diagnosed with probable idiopathic NPH were submitted to the CSF-TT. The procedure aimed to achieve changes in gait parameters. Results: Fifteen gait parameters were assessed before and after the CSF-TT. Five showed a statistically significant improvement (p < 0.05): walking speed (p < 0.001), cadence (p < 0.001), step length (p < 0.001), en bloc turning (p = 0.001), and step height (p = 0.004). Conclusion: This study demonstrated that gait speed was the most responsive parameter to the CSF-TT, followed by cadence, step length, en bloc turning, and step height.


RESUMO A hidrocefalia de pressão normal (HPN), descrita por Hakim-Adams em 1965, caracteriza-se por apraxia de marcha, incontinência urinária e demência e está associada com pressão normal do líquido cefalorraquidiano e dilatação ventricular não atribuída a atrofia cerebral. Objetivos: Avaliar as características da marcha em pacientes com HPN idiopática e o efeito do "tap-test" (TT) na marcha. Métodos: Vinte e cinco pacientes com o diagnóstico HPN idiopática provável, foram avaliados com o TT. O procedimento tem como objetivo causar mudanças nas características da marcha. Resultados: Quinze parâmetros da marcha foram avaliados com o TT. Cinco mostraram melhora estatisticamente significativa (p < 0,05): velocidade da marcha (p < 0,001), cadência (p < 0,001), comprimento do passo (p < 0,001), giro em "bloco" (p = 0,001) e altura do passo (p = 0,004). Conclusão: Este estudo demonstrou que a velocidade da marcha foi o parâmetro que mais respondeu ao efeito do TT, seguido da cadência, comprimento do passo, giro em "bloco" e altura do passo.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Gait Apraxia/diagnosis , Hydrocephalus, Normal Pressure/complications , Cerebrospinal Fluid Pressure , Geriatric Assessment , Prospective Studies , Gait Apraxia/etiology , Gait Apraxia/physiopathology , Gait Apraxia/cerebrospinal fluid , Hydrocephalus, Normal Pressure/cerebrospinal fluid
4.
J. epilepsy clin. neurophysiol ; 11(1): 37-38, Mar. 2005. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-426243

ABSTRACT

Carbamazepine is probably the most widely anti-epileptic drug prescribed in the world. Thus, potentially serious adverse events must become well known by the medical community. A severe carbamazepine-induced hyperlipidemia after short-term exposure to the drug is described in a single case report. The severe hypertriglyceridemia presented by the patiet may be justified as a paradoxical effect, distinguished from the after long-term exposure effect reported in the literature as an adverse drug event. The importance of a lipid profile study in patients facing long-term carbamazepine therapy is emphasized, due to the potential long-term noxious effects of hyperlipidemias


Subject(s)
Anticonvulsants , Carbamazepine/adverse effects , Hyperlipidemias , Pharmacogenetics
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